INDUSTRY AND TECHNOLOGY · 1938—1946
90 industrial and technological milestones
A dedicated editorial archive within WWII CHRONOS. 72 events have an exact day and appear on the main timeline. For 18 entries the sources support only a year, month or period, so no fictional day has been assigned.
- 1 January 1938 — Creation of SNCF — Unification of France's Main Railways
France · Transport / infrastructure - 4 March 1938 — Dammam No. 7 Strikes Oil in Commercial Quantities
Saudi Arabia · Oil / extraction - 18 March 1938 — Mexico Nationalises the Oil Industry
Mexico · Oil / economy - 1 April 1938 — Nestlé Launches Nescafé
Switzerland · Food industry - 6 April 1938 — Discovery of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
United States · Materials science / chemistry - 23 May 1938 — Technical Design of the Uglich and Rybinsk Hydroelectric Complexes Approved
USSR · Hydropower - 26 May 1938 — Foundation Stone Laid for Volkswagen's Main Plant
Germany · Automotive industry - 3 July 1938 — Mallard Sets the World Steam Locomotive Speed Record
United Kingdom · Railway engineering - 22 October 1938 — Chester Carlson Produces the First Xerographic Image
United States · Printing / office technology - 1938 — Major Commercial Oil Reserves Discovered at Burgan Field
Kuwait · Oil / extraction - 1939 — First Successful Industrial Gas-Turbine Power Station Starts in Neuchâtel
Switzerland · Energy - 1 January 1939 — Hewlett-Packard Founded
United States · Electronics / instrumentation - April 1939 — 'Synthetic No. 1' Fibre Developed in Japan — Precursor to Vinylon
Japan · Chemical industry / textiles - 30 April 1939 — RCA Demonstrates Electronic Television to the Public at the New York World's Fair
United States · Electronics / communications - 28 June 1939 — First Regular Transatlantic Passenger Flight by Pan American
United States / Atlantic / Europe · Civil aviation - 1 September 1939 — First Full-Scale Polyethylene Plant Begins Operation
United Kingdom · Chemical industry / plastics - September 1939 — Grand Coulee Sets a Monthly Concrete-Pouring Record
United States · Construction / hydropower - 14 September 1939 — First Flight of the Sikorsky VS-300 Helicopter
United States · Aircraft manufacturing - 12 December 1939 — World's First Industrial Nylon Plant Begins Operation
United States · Chemical industry / textiles - 1939 — Fluorescent Lamps Publicly Demonstrated at Major World Fairs
United States · Electrical engineering / lighting - 21 February 1940 — High-Power Cavity Magnetron Successfully Tested in Birmingham
United Kingdom · Radar / electronics - 23 February 1940 — Russell Ohl Observes the p–n Junction in Silicon
United States · Semiconductors - 15 May 1940 — Nylon Stockings Go on Mass Sale
United States · Chemical industry / consumer goods - July 1940 — Boeing 307 Stratoliner Enters Regular Passenger Service
United States · Civil aviation - August 1940 — Contract Awarded to Build the Detroit Tank Arsenal
United States · Mass manufacturing - 27 August 1940 — First Flight of the Caproni Campini N.1 Experimental Jet Aircraft
Italy · Aircraft manufacturing / jet technology - 29 August 1940 — Marl Plant Produces Its First Bales of Buna Synthetic Rubber
Germany · Chemical industry - 11 September 1940 — Bell Labs Publicly Demonstrates Remote Computing over Telephone Lines
United States · Computing / telecommunications - 23 September 1940 — American Bantam Delivers the First Prototype of the Future Jeep
United States · Automotive industry - autumn 1940 — Mass Production of the T-34 Tank Begins
USSR / Ukraine · Mechanical engineering - 14 January 1941 — Construction Begins on Kaiser's First Richmond Shipyard
United States · Shipbuilding - 9 April 1941 — Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN) Established
Brazil · Metallurgy - 24 April 1941 — Detroit Tank Arsenal Produces Its First Production Tank
United States · Mass manufacturing - 15 May 1941 — First Flight of Britain's Gloster E.28/39 Jet Aircraft
United Kingdom · Aircraft manufacturing / jet engines - 11 July 1941 — State Defense Committee Launches Large-Scale Evacuation of Soviet Industry Eastward
USSR · Industrial logistics / relocation - 15 July 1941 — Willys-Overland Receives Contract for Mass Production of the Military Jeep
United States · Automotive industry - 1941 — Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Discovered — Future Terylene
United Kingdom · Materials science / textiles - September 1941 — Brown Boveri Tests the First Gas-Turbine Locomotive
Switzerland · Railway engineering / gas turbines - 27 September 1941 — First Liberty Ship — SS Patrick Henry — Launched
United States · Shipbuilding - 4 October 1941 — First Grand Coulee Generator Begins Operation
United States · Hydropower - 14 January 1942 — First Flight of the Sikorsky XR-4 — Prototype of the First Production Helicopter
United States · Aircraft manufacturing - 25 May 1942 — First Commercial Fluid Catalytic Cracking Reactor Starts Up
United States · Oil refining / chemical engineering equipment - 18 July 1942 — Messerschmitt Me 262 Makes Its First Flight on Jet Power Alone
Germany · Aircraft manufacturing / jet engines - 13 August 1942 — Manhattan Engineer District Formally Established
United States · Nuclear industry / megaprojects - October 1942 — Land Acquisition Begins for the Oak Ridge Industrial Complex
United States · Nuclear industry / infrastructure - 3 October 1942 — First Successful Full-Scale Test of the V-2 Rocket
Germany · Rocket engineering - 12 November 1942 — Liberty Ship SS Robert E. Peary Sets a Construction-Speed Record
United States · Shipbuilding / mass production - 20 November 1942 — Alaska Highway Officially Opened
Canada / United States · Road infrastructure - 1942 — Atanasoff–Berry Computer Completed
United States · Computing - September 1942 — Willow Run Begins Producing Its First B-24s on an Automotive-Style Assembly Line
United States · Aircraft manufacturing / mass production - 9 January 1943 — First Flight of the Lockheed Constellation
United States · Civil aviation / aircraft manufacturing - 18 February 1943 — Construction Begins on the First Y-12 Production Building at Oak Ridge
United States · Nuclear industry - 5 March 1943 — First Flight of the Gloster Meteor
United Kingdom · Aircraft manufacturing / jet technology - 22 March 1943 — Major Construction Begins at the Hanford Industrial Complex
United States · Nuclear industry / infrastructure - June 1943 — Construction Begins on the K-25 Gaseous-Diffusion Plant
United States · Nuclear industry - 29 June 1943 — First Flight of the First Production B-29 Built at Wichita
United States · Aircraft manufacturing / mass production - 14 August 1943 — Big Inch Oil Pipeline Completed
United States · Oil infrastructure - 29 September 1943 — Polymer Corporation Begins Industrial Production of Synthetic Rubber
Canada · Chemical industry - 3 November 1943 — Willow Run Completes Its 1,000th B-24 Bomber
United States · Aircraft manufacturing / mass production - 4 November 1943 — X-10 Graphite Reactor Begins Operation at Oak Ridge
United States · Nuclear industry - 5 February 1944 — Colossus Mk I Begins Operation at Bletchley Park
United Kingdom · Electronics / computing - 2 March 1944 — Little Big Inch Products Pipeline Completed
United States · Oil infrastructure - 14 April 1944 — Hydro-Québec Created
Canada · Energy / national infrastructure - 25–29 June 1944 — Mulberry B Artificial Harbour Becomes Fully Operational off Arromanches
United Kingdom / France · Military infrastructure / port construction - 25 July 1944 — First Confirmed Air Combat by the Jet-Powered Me 262
Germany / Western Europe · Aircraft manufacturing / jet technology - 1944 — US Synthetic Rubber Production Reaches Wartime Industrial Scale
United States · Chemical industry - 1 September 1944 — Volvo Unveils the PV444
Sweden · Automotive industry - 9 September 1944 — Willow Run Produces Its 6,000th B-24
United States · Aircraft manufacturing / mass production - 22 September 1944 — First PLUTO Pipeline to Cherbourg Begins Delivering Fuel
United Kingdom / France · Fuel infrastructure - 26 September 1944 — Hanford B Reactor Reaches Criticality
United States · Nuclear industry - 16 January 1945 — Renault Nationalised
France · Automotive industry / post-war economy - 20 January 1945 — First K-25 Production Cell Becomes Operational
United States · Nuclear industry - 5 February 1945 — Hanford Sends Its First Shipment of Plutonium to Los Alamos
United States · Nuclear industry / logistics - 22 June 1945 — First Flight of the Vickers Viking Passenger Aircraft
United Kingdom · Civil aviation - 28 June 1945 — Willow Run Produces Its Final B-24
United States · Aircraft manufacturing / mass production - July 1945 — Boeing's Wichita Plant Reaches Peak B-29 Production Rate
United States · Aircraft manufacturing / mass production - 5 September 1945 — ZEEP Reactor Reaches Criticality for the First Time
Canada · Nuclear energy / science - 20 September 1945 — Rolls-Royce Trent Makes Its First Flight as an Early Turboprop Engine
United Kingdom · Aircraft engine manufacturing - 25 September 1945 — First Flight of the de Havilland Dove
United Kingdom · Civil aviation - 27 December 1945 — Series Production of Volkswagen Resumes at Wolfsburg
Germany · Automotive industry / post-war reconstruction - 8 March 1946 — Bell 47 Receives the First Civil Helicopter Certification
United States · Civil aviation / engineering - 8 April 1946 — Électricité de France (EDF) Created
France · Energy / national infrastructure - 23 April 1946 — Piaggio Registers the Vespa Industrial Model
Italy · Mechanical engineering / mass mobility - 7 May 1946 — Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo — the Future Sony — Founded
Japan · Electronics - 17 June 1946 — First Commercial Mobile Telephone Service Launched
United States · Telecommunications - 1946 — Steel Production Begins at CSN's Volta Redonda Works
Brazil · Metallurgy - 1 August 1946 — Atomic Energy Act of 1946 Signed
United States · Nuclear industry / public administration - 2 August 1946 — First Official Shipment of Reactor-Produced Radioisotopes Sent for Civilian Use
United States · Nuclear industry / medicine - 1 September 1946 — Vickers Viking Enters Regular Service with British European Airways
United Kingdom · Civil aviation - 3 October 1946 — Renault 4CV Publicly Unveiled at the Reopened Paris Motor Show
France · Automotive industry / mass market